Áñ°Üã±â Ãß°¡     ½ÃÀÛÆäÀÌÁö·Î ¼³Á¤ óÀ½À¸·Î  l  ·Î±×ÀΠ l  È¸¿ø°¡ÀÔ  l  »çÀÌÆ®¸Ê

>
ȸ¿ø°¡ÀÔ   l   ¾ÆÀ̵ð/ºñ¹Ð¹øȣã±â
¡¸Á¦41ȸ 2024³â ÇϹݱâ ...
¡®Á¦38ȸ 2023³â »ó¹Ý±â ...
¡®Á¦37ȸ 2022³â ÇϹݱâ ...
 
HOME > ¹°»ê¾÷±â¼ú > ÃֽŴº½º
[¿µ±¹] ¿Á½ºÆÛµå´ë ¿¬±¸ÆÀ, ¡°Çϼö ¹èÃâÀÌ ³ó¾÷º¸´Ù ÇÏõ¡¤°­¿¡ ´õ ³ª»Ú´Ù¡±´Â »ç½Ç ¹àÇô³»
À̸§ °ü¸®ÀÚ waterindustry@hanmail.net ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ 2023.09.25 Á¶È¸¼ö 730
ÆÄÀÏ÷ºÎ

[¿µ±¹] ¿Á½ºÆÛµå´ë ¿¬±¸ÆÀ, ¡°Çϼö¹èÃâÀÌ ³ó¾÷º¸´Ù ÇÏõ¡¤°­¿¡ ´õ ³ª»Ú´Ù¡±´Â »ç½Ç ¹àÇô³»

¿¬±¸ÆÀ, Çϼö󸮼ö°¡ ¹èÃâµÇ´Â ¿µ±¹ 4°³ °­ »ó¡¤ÇÏ·ù¼­ 3°³¿ù°£ ¼öÁú äÃëÇØ ºÐ¼®

Çϼö ¹èÃ⡤³ó¾÷¿ë¡¤µµ½Ã À¯Ãâ¼ö µî 3°¡Áö ¿À¿°¿øÀÌ ÇÏõ¡¤°­ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÑ Ãø¸é¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâ Á¶»ç

¿¬±¸ÆÀ, ÀáÀçÀû À§ÇèÇÑ ¡®Çϼö °õÆÎÀÌ(sewage fungus)¡¯ ¹ß»ý À» Á¶±â °¨ÁöÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â »õ·Î¿î ¹æ¹ýµµ °³¹ß

¿¬±¸ ³í¹®, °úÇÐÀú³ÎÁö ¡ºGlobal Change Biology¡»¡¤»ýÅÂÇÐÁö ¡ºEcological Solutions and Evidence¡»ÃÖ±ÙÈ£¿¡ °ÔÀç



¿µ±¹ÀÇ ¿Á½ºÆ÷µå´ëÇб³(University of Oxford) ¿¬±¸ÆÀÀÌ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ »õ·Î¿î ¿¬±¸¿¡ µû¸£¸é, ó¸®µÈ Çϼö¸¦ ÇÏõÀ̳ª °­À¸·Î ¹èÃâÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÖº¯ÀÇ ÅäÁö À̿뺸´Ù ¼öÁú ¹× ÇÏõ¡¤°­¿¡ ¼­½ÄÇÏ´Â µ¿½Ä¹°¿¡ ´õ Å« ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î Á¶»çµÆ´Ù. 

¿µ±¹ÀÇ ¿Á½ºÆ÷µå´ëÇб³(University of Oxford) ¿¬±¸ÆÀÀÌ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ »õ·Î¿î ¿¬±¸¿¡ µû¸£¸é, ó¸®µÈ Çϼö¸¦ ÇÏõÀ̳ª °­À¸·Î ¹èÃâÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÖº¯ÀÇ ÅäÁö À̿뺸´Ù ¼öÁú ¹× ÇÏõ¡¤°­¿¡ ¼­½ÄÇÏ´Â µ¿½Ä¹°¿¡ ´õ Å« ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î Á¶»çµÆ´Ù. 

 

9¿ù 24ÀÏ ¡®¼¼°è °­ÀÇ ³¯(World Rivers Day)¡¯À» ¸Â¾Æ ¿µ±¹ÀÇ ¿Á½ºÆ÷µå´ëÇб³(University of Oxford) ¿¬±¸ÆÀÀÌ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ »õ·Î¿î ¿¬±¸¿¡ µû¸£¸é Çϼö¸¦ ÇÏõÀ̳ª °­À¸·Î ¹èÃâÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÖº¯ÀÇ ÅäÁö À̿뺸´Ù ¼öÁú ¹× ÇÏõ¡¤°­¿¡ ¼­½ÄÇÏ´Â µ¿½Ä¹°¿¡ ´õ Å« ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î Á¶»çµÆ´Ù.


ÀÌ´Â ÃÖ±Ù »õ·Î¿î ÁÖÅà °³¹ß¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¡®¿µ¾ç Á߸³ ±ÔÁ¤(nutrient neutrality regulations)¡¯À» ¾àÈ­½ÃÅ°·Á´Â À§Çù¿¡ ºñÃß¾î º¼ ¶§ ¿µ±¹ ÇÏõ¡¤°­ÀÇ »óÅ¿¡ Å« ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ£´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ½Ã»çÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. 


ÀÌ ¿¬±¸ °á°ú´Â °úÇÐÀú³ÎÁöÀÎ ¡º±Û·Î¹ú »ý¹°ÇÐ º¯È­(Global Change Biology)¡» 9¿ù 21ÀÏ, »ýÅÂÇÐÁö ¡º»ýÅÂÇÐ ¼Ö·ç¼Ç ¹× Áõ°Å(Ecological Solutions and Evidence)¡»¿¡  9¿ù 20ÀÏ¿¡ °¢°¢ °ÔÀçµÇ¾ú´Ù.


ÇÏõÀ̳ª °­Àº Áö±¸ ¹° ¼øȯÀÇ Áß¿äÇÑ ºÎºÐÀ̸ç Áß¿äÇÑ »ý¹°´Ù¾ç¼ºÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ°í ÀÖ°í, Àΰ£ °Ç°­¿¡ ÇʼöÀûÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿µ±¹ÀÇ ¹°È¸»çµéÀº ó¸®µÈ Çϼö¸¦ °­À¸·Î ¹èÃâÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Çã¿ëµÇ°í, ½ÉÁö¾î Æø¿ì·Î ÀÎÇÑ ¹ü¶÷ ½Ã¿¡´Â 󸮵ÇÁö ¾ÊÀº Çϼöµµ ¹æ·ùÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.


»ýÅÂÇÐÀû °á°ú»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¸¸¾à ¹°ÀÌ ½Ä¼ö, ¼ö¿µ µî ·¹Å©¸®¿¡ÀÌ¼Ç È°µ¿, ³ó¾÷¿ëÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ °æ¿ì »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ½É°¢ÇÑ À§ÇùÀÌ µÈ´Ù.


¿Á½ºÆÛµå´ëÇб³ »ý¹°ÇаúÀÇ ¿¬±¸¿øµéÀº ó¸®µÈ Çϼö ¹èÃâ, ³ó¾÷¿ë¿¡ »ç¿ëµÈ ¹°, µµ½Ã À¯Ãâ¼ö µî ¼¼ °¡Áö ¿À¿°¿øÀÌ ÇÏõ¡¤°­ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÑ Ãø¸é¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâÀ» Á¶»çÇß´Ù. ÀÌ ¿¬±¸±×·ìÀº 3°³¿ù¿¡ °ÉÃÄ Çϼö󸮼ö°¡ ¹èÃâµÇ´Â ¿µ±¹  4°³ °­ÀÇ »ó·ù¿Í ÇÏ·ù¿¡¼­ Å×½ºÆ®Çß´Ù.


±× °á°ú, ó¸®µÈ Çϼö ¹èÃâ·®Àº ÁÖº¯Áö¿ªÀÇ ÅäÁöÀÌ¿ëÀ¯Çü(³ó¾÷¿ë ¶Ç´Â µµ½Ã¿ë)¿¡ °ü°è¾øÀÌ ³ôÀº ¿µ¾ç¼öÁØ, ¹Ù´Ú¿¡ ¼­½ÄÇÏ´Â Á¶·ù ¹× Çϼö°õÆÎÀÌ·ù ¹ß»ý·®À» ¿¹ÃøÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÃÖÀûÀÇ ¿¹Ãøº¯¼öÀÓÀ» È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.


¿Á½ºÆÛµå´ëÇб³ »ý¹°ÇаúÀÇ ¿¬±¸¿øµéÀº ó¸®µÈ Çϼö ¹èÃâ, ³ó¾÷¿ë¿¡ »ç¿ëµÈ ¹°, µµ½Ã À¯Ãâ¼ö µî ¼¼ °¡Áö ¿À¿°¿øÀÌ ÇÏõ¡¤°­ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÑ Ãø¸é¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâÀ» Á¶»çÇß´Ù. [»çÁøÃâó(Photo source) = ¿Á½ºÆ÷µå´ëÇб³(University of Oxford)]

¿Á½ºÆÛµå´ëÇб³ »ý¹°ÇаúÀÇ ¿¬±¸¿øµéÀº ó¸®µÈ Çϼö ¹èÃâ, ³ó¾÷¿ë¿¡ »ç¿ëµÈ ¹°, µµ½Ã À¯Ãâ¼ö µî ¼¼ °¡Áö ¿À¿°¿øÀÌ ÇÏõ¡¤°­ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÑ Ãø¸é¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâÀ» Á¶»çÇß´Ù. [»çÁøÃâó(Photo source) = ¿Á½ºÆ÷µå´ëÇб³(University of Oxford)]

 

À̹ø ¿¬±¸ÀÇ ¼ö¼® ÀúÀÚÀÎ ¿Á½ºÆÛµå´ëÇб³ »ý¹°Çаú ¹Ì¼Ð Àè½¼(Michelle Jackson) ¹Ú»ç´Â ¡°´Ù¾çÇÑ ¿À¿°¿øÀ» ºÐ¸®ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾î·Æ±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ¿µ±¹ ¸¹Àº °­ÀÇ ¿­¾ÇÇÑ »ýÅ »óÅÂÀÇ ¿øÀο¡ ´ëÇÑ ³íÀïÀÌ °è¼ÓµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¿©±â¼­ ¿ì¸®´Â ó¸®µÈ Çϼö¶óµµ ÁÖº¯ ÅäÁö·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ ¿À¿°º¸´Ù ÇÏõÀ̳ª °­ °øµ¿Ã¼¿¡ ´õ Å« ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸Àδٴ °ÍÀ» º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù. ÀÌ Áß¿äÇÑ Á¤º¸´Â ¾ÕÀ¸·Î ¿ì¸® ÇÏõ ¹× °­µéÀÇ °ü¸®¿Í º¸Á¸¿¡ ¿ì¼±¼øÀ§¸¦ µÎ´Â µ¥ »ç¿ëµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù¡±°í °­Á¶Çß´Ù.


¿µ¾çºÐÀº Çطοî Á¾ÀÇ ¼ºÀåÀ» ÃËÁøÇÏ°í ´Ù¸¥ Á¾µéÀ» ¾ÇÈ­½ÃÅ´À¸·Î½á ¼ö·ÎÀÇ ¼èÅ𸦠¾ÇÈ­½ÃŲ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº Çϼö À¯ÀÔ ÇÏ·ùÀÇ °Å´ë ¹«Ã´Ãßµ¿¹°°ú Á¶·ù ±ºÁýÀÇ º¯È­¸¦ ÅëÇØ ¿¬±¸µÈ ÇÏõ¡¤°­¿¡¼­ ³ªÅ¸³µÀ¸¸ç, ½Ã¾Æ³ë¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ(cyanobacteria) ¹× ¹ú·¹¿Í °°Àº º¸´Ù ³»¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ±×·ìÀÌ ´õ¿í dzºÎÇØÁ³´Ù.


½Ã¾Æ³ë¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ´Â ¸¹Àº ¼ö»ý»ý¹°À» Á×ÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â µ¶¼º È­Çй°ÁúÀ» »ý»êÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ÀÌ´Â ¿ì·ÁµÇ´Â ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ±× °á°ú, Çϼö¿À¿°Àº Áß¿äÇÑ Á¾ÀÇ ¼Õ½ÇÀ» ÅëÇØ Áß¿äÇÑ »ýÅÂ°è °úÁ¤À» º¯°æ½ÃÅ°°í ÀúÇϽÃų °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.


ÀÌ ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­´Â ÇÏ·ç»ìÀÌ(mayflies), µ¹Æĸ®(stoneflies), ijµðÆĸ®(caddisflies) µî ¹Î°¨ÇÑ °ïÃæ ±×·ìÀÇ Ç³ºÎÇÔÀ̶ó´Â ´Ü ÇϳªÀÇ ÃøÁ¤¸¸ÀÌ ³ó°æÁö ÀÌ¿ë¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °¡Àå Àß ¿¹ÃøµÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ¼öÁú°ú ÇÏõ °øµ¿Ã¼°¡ ÁÖº¯ À¯¿ªÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ ¿À¿°º¸´Ù ó¸®µÈ Çϼö ¹èÃâ·Î ÀÎÇØ ´õ À§Çù¹Þ°í ÀÖÁö¸¸ ³ó¾÷¿À¿° ¶ÇÇÑ ¾ïÁ¦µÉ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖÀ½À» ½Ã»çÇÑ´Ù.


ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ »õ·Î¿î ¹ß°ßÀº ¿µ±¹ ¼ö·Î»óÅ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½Ã¹ÎµéÀÇ ¿ì·Á°¡ ±Ø½ÉÇÑ ½Ã±â¿¡ ³ª¿Ô´Ù.  ¿µ±¹ ¿ÉÀú¹öÁö(Observer)ÀÇ ÃÖ±Ù Á¶»ç¿¡ µû¸£¸é ¿µ±¹¿¡¼­ °¡Àå ±ÍÁßÇÑ °­¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ´ã¼ö ¼­½ÄÁöÀÇ 90% ÀÌ»óÀÌ ³ó¾÷ ¿À¿°, ¹Ìó¸®µÈ Çϼö ¹× ¹° ÃßÃâ·Î ÀÎÇØ ÈÑ¼ÕµÈ °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù.


¿µ±¹¿¡ º»»ç¸¦ µÐ ÀÚ¼±´ÜüÀΠ ¸®¹ö¾×¼Ç(River Action)ÀÇ Á¦ÀÓ½º ¿ù¸®½º(James Wallace) CEO´Â À̹ø ¿¬±¸°á°ú¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¡°ÀÌ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿¬±¸´Â ±ÔÁ¦µÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ¹°È¸»ç¿Í ³ó¾÷À¸·Î ¿À´Â ÇÇÇظ¦ ´Ù½Ã ÇÑ ¹ø º¸¿©ÁÖ´Â °Í¡±À̶ó¸é¼­ ¡°¿µ¾ç¿À¿°À¸·Î ÀÎÇØ ¾ß»ýµ¿¹°¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â Ä¡¸íÀûÀÎ ¿µÇâ ¿Ü¿¡µµ ½Ã¹ÎµéÀº Çϼö ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ÅëÇØ Ã³¸®µÈ Çϼö¿¡¼­ ´ëÀå±Õ(E.coli) ¹× Àå³» À屸±Õ(intestinal enterococci)°ú °°Àº À§ÇèÇÑ ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù´Â Á¡À» ÀνÄÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù¡±°í ¸»Çß´Ù. 


Çϼö ¹èÃâÀÇ Á¸À縦 Ư¡À¸·Î ÇÏ´Â ÇÏõÀÇ ÇÏ·ù Áö¿ª¿¡¼­ ¼öÁýµÈ ³ª¹« ¸·´ë±âÀÇ ¡®Çϼö °õÆÎÀÌ(sewage fungus)¡¯ ¸ð½À.  [»çÁøÃâó(Photo source) = ¿Á½ºÆ÷µå´ëÇб³(University of Oxford)]

Çϼö ¹èÃâÀÇ Á¸À縦 Ư¡À¸·Î ÇÏ´Â ÇÏõÀÇ ÇÏ·ù Áö¿ª¿¡¼­ ¼öÁýµÈ ³ª¹« ¸·´ë±âÀÇ ¡®Çϼö °õÆÎÀÌ(sewage fungus)¡¯ ¸ð½À.  [»çÁøÃâó(Photo source) = ¿Á½ºÆ÷µå´ëÇб³(University of Oxford)]


¿ù¸®½º CEO´Â ÀÌ¾î ¡°¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, ÃÖ±Ù ÅÛÁî°­¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½Ã¹Î °úÇп¡¼­´Â ÅÛÁî°­ÀÇ À¯Ãâ¼ö¿¡ ¾ÈÀüÇÑ ¼öÁØÀÇ ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ°¡ 4¡­5¹è ´õ ¸¹ÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ¹ß°ßÇß´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ¼ö¿µÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µé°ú ³ëÁ£´Â »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ½É°¢ÇÑ Áúº´À» ÀÏÀ¸Å³ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ³ô´Ù. Á¤ºÎ´Â ¾ðÁ¦ ¹°È¸»ç¿Í ³óÀåÀÌ Æ¯È÷ Àΰ£ÀÇ »ý¸í°ú ¹Î°¨ÇÑ º¸È£ ¼­½ÄÁö°¡ À§Çù¹Þ´Â °÷¿¡¼­ ±×µéÀÇ ÇൿÀ» ûȭÇϵµ·Ï ¸¸µé °ÍÀΰ¡?¡±¶ó°í ¹Ý¹®Çß´Ù.


À§Çè ¹ß»ýÀ» Á¶±â¿¡ ¹ß°ßÇÏ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛ


¿¬±¸ÆÀÀº ¶ÇÇÑ ÀáÀçÀûÀ¸·Î À§ÇèÇÑ ¡®Çϼö °õÆÎÀÌ(sewage fungus)¡¯ ¹ß»ýÀ» Á¶±â¿¡ °¨ÁöÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â »õ·Î¿î ¹æ¹ýÀ» °³¹ßÇß´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº °õÆÎÀÌ, Á¶·ù, ±×¸®°í ¹ÚÅ׸®¾ÆÀÇ º¹ÇÕÀûÀΠȥÇÕ¹°·Î, À¯±â ¿µ¾ç¼Ò ¼öÁØÀÌ ³ôÀ» ¶§ Å« µ¢¾î¸®¸¦ Çü¼ºÇÑ´Ù. Çϼö°õÆÎÀÌ´Â ºÒÄèÇÑ ³¿»õ¸¦ À¯¹ßÇÒ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¹° ¼ÓÀÇ »ê¼Ò ¼öÁØÀ» ½É°¢ÇÏ°Ô °¨¼Ò½ÃÄÑ ¸ðµç °­ Á¾¿¡ ¾Ç¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡°í ´ë·®ÀÇ ¾î·ù Æó»ç¸¦ ÃÊ·¡ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.


ÇöÀç Çϼö °õÆÎÀÌ´Â À°¾ÈÀ¸·Î¸¸ Æò°¡Çϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ÀÌ¹Ì ºÎÁ¤ÀûÀÎ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¥ ¸¸Å­ ÃæºÐÈ÷ Ä¿Á³À» ¶§¸¸ ¹ß°ßµÈ´Ù. ¿¬±¸¿øµéÀº ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÑ ¹ßº´À» ÇÇÇϱâ À§ÇØ ½Å¼ÓÇÑ °³ÀÔÀ» °¡´ÉÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ´Â Çʼö ´Ü°èÀÎ Á¶±â ¹ß°ßÀ» Çã¿ëÇÏ´Â »õ·Î¿î ¹æ¹ýÀ» °³¹ßÇß´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ ¹æ¹ýÀº À̹Ì¡ ±â¼ú°ú ±â°è ÇнÀÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ¹° »ùÇÿ¡¼­ Çϼö ÀÔÀÚ¿Í Çϼö °õÆÎÀ̸¦ ½Å¼ÓÇÏ°Ô ½Äº°ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.


ÀÌ ±â¼úÀº ¹°È¸»ç¿Í ȯ°æû°ú °°Àº ¸ð´ÏÅ͸µ ±â°ü ¸ðµÎ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¡®Åº±¤ÀÇ Ä«³ª¸®¾Æ(canary in the coal mine, ´Ù°¡¿Â À§ÇèÀ» ¸ÕÀú ¾Ë·ÁÁÖ´Â ´ë»óÀ» °¡¸®Å°´Â ¸»)¡¯·Î »ç¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ¿À¿°¹°ÁúÀÇ ÃàÀûÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇÏ°í Á¾ °¨¼Ò¸¦ ¸·´Â µ¥ ±ÍÁßÇÑ µµ±¸°¡ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.


(a) À̹ø ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­ »ùÇøµµÈ ÇÑ °­ÀÇ ÇÏ·ù Áö¿ª¿¡¼­ ¹ß°ßµÈ Çϼö °õÆÎÀÌ ¸ÅÆ®. (b) ÀÚÀ̽º º¹ÇÕ Çö¹Ì°æ(Zeiss Axioskop 2 Plus) ÇÏÀÇ Çϼö °õÆÎÀÌ. (c) ¿µÇâÀ» ¹Þ´Â °­ÀÇ »ùÇøµ Àå¼Ò(»¡°£»ö »ï°¢Çü) À§Ä¡ : ó¸®Àå¿¡¼­ ³ª¿À´Â ÃÖÁ¾ À¯Ãâ¼ö¿Í ¼ö¿ë °­ÀÇ »ó·ù ¹× ÇÏ·ù. ÆĶõ»ö È­»ìÇ¥´Â °­ÀÇ È帧À» ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù. [±×¸²Ãâó(picture source) = ¡º»ýÅÂÇÐ ¼Ö·ç¼Ç ¹× Áõ°Å(Ecological Solutions and Evidence)¡»]

(a) À̹ø ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­ »ùÇøµµÈ ÇÑ °­ÀÇ ÇÏ·ù Áö¿ª¿¡¼­ ¹ß°ßµÈ Çϼö °õÆÎÀÌ ¸ÅÆ®. (b) ÀÚÀ̽º º¹ÇÕ Çö¹Ì°æ(Zeiss Axioskop 2 Plus)À¸·Î º» Çϼö °õÆÎÀÌ. (c) ¿µÇâÀ» ¹Þ´Â °­ÀÇ »ùÇøµ Àå¼Ò(»¡°£»ö »ï°¢Çü) À§Ä¡ ¹× Çϼöó¸®Àå¿¡¼­ ³ª¿À´Â ÃÖÁ¾ À¯Ãâ¼ö¿Í ¼ö¿ë °­ÀÇ »ó·ù ¹× ÇÏ·ù. ÆĶõ»ö È­»ìÇ¥´Â °­ÀÇ È帧À» ³ªÅ¸³½ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. [±×¸²Ãâó(picture source) = ¡º»ýÅÂÇÐ ¼Ö·ç¼Ç ¹× Áõ°Å(Ecological Solutions and Evidence)¡»]


¹Ì¼Ð Àè½¼(Michelle Jackson) ¹Ú»ç´Â ¡°Çϼö °õÆÎÀÌ ¿À¿°»ç°ÇÀ» ½Å¼ÓÇÏ°Ô ½Äº°Çϸé Á¶±â °³ÀÔÀÌ °¡´ÉÇØ Áö¿ª ¾ß»ýµ¿¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀáÀçÀûÀÎ ºÎÁ¤ÀûÀÎ °á°ú¸¦ ¹æÁöÇÏ´Â µ¥ µµ¿òÀÌ µÉ °Í¡±À̶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù.


ÀÌ ¿¬±¸³í¹®Àº ¡®Ã³¸®µÈ Çϼö ¹èÃâ°ú ÅäÁö ÀÌ¿ëÀÌ ÇÏõ¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â °áÇÕ È¿°ú(The combined effects of treated sewage discharge and land use on rivers)¡¯¶ó´Â Á¦¸ñÀ¸·Î °úÇÐÀú³ÎÁö ¡º±Û·Î¹ú »ý¹°ÇÐ º¯È­(Global Change Biology)¡»¿¡ °ÔÀçµÇ¾ú´Ù.


¶Ç ¡®ÇÏõ ³» Çϼö °õÆÎÀÌ ¹ß»ýÀÇ Á¶±â ¹ß°ß ¹× ȯ°æ ¿äÀÎ(Early detection and environmental drivers of sewage fungus outbreaks in river)¡¯À̶ó´Â Á¦¸ñÀ¸·Î »ýÅÂÇÐÁö ¡º»ýÅÂÇÐ ¼Ö·ç¼Ç ¹× Áõ°Å(Ecological Solutions and Evidence)¡»¿¡µµ °ÔÀçµÇ¾ú´Ù.


[¿ø¹®º¸±â]


New study finds that sewage release is worse for rivers than agriculture


 

Ahead of World Rivers Day (24 September), new research by the University of Oxford reveals that sewage discharge into rivers has a greater impact on water quality, and the animals and plants that live in rivers, than surrounding land use. 


This has strong implications for the state of UK rivers in light of the recent threats to weaken nutrient neutrality regulations for new housing developments. 


The findings have been published today in the journals Global Change Biology and Ecological Solutions and Evidence.


Rivers are crucial parts of the global water cycle, contain important biodiversity, and are essential for human health. However, water companies in the UK are allowed to release treated wastewater into rivers, and even untreated wastewater during heavy rainfalls (known as storm overflow). 


As well as the ecological consequences, this poses serious threats for human wellbeing if the water is then used for drinking, recreational, or agricultural purposes.


Researchers from the University of Oxford¡¯s Department of Biology investigated the effects of three different pollution sources (treated sewage discharge, agriculture, and urban run-off) on different aspects of river systems. The group tested four rivers in England, both up- and downstream of sewage discharge, over three different months.


The results demonstrated that treated sewage discharge was the best predictor of high nutrient levels, bottom-dwelling algae, and sewage fungus abundance, regardless of the type of land use (agriculture or urban) in the surrounding area.


Dr Michelle Jackson (Department of Biology, University of Oxford), senior author of the study, said: ¡°There is ongoing debate about the cause of the poor ecological state of many rivers in the UK because it is difficult to disentangle different pollution sources. Here, we show that even treated sewage appears to have a stronger influence on river communities than pollution from the surrounding land. This important information should be used to prioritise the management and conservation of our rivers moving forward.¡±


Nutrients exacerbate the decline of waterways by promoting the growth of harmful species and deteriorating others. This was seen in the rivers studied through a shift in macroinvertebrate and algae communities downstream of sewage input, with more tolerant groups such as cyanobacteria and worms becoming more abundant. 


This is concerning as cyanobacteria are well known for producing toxic chemicals that can kill many aquatic organisms. As a result of this, wastewater pollution has the potential to alter and degrade critical ecosystem processes via loss of critical species.


In the study, only one measurement - the abundance of the sensitive insect groups of mayflies, stoneflies, and caddisflies - was best predicted by agricultural land use. This suggests that water quality and river communities are generally more threatened by treated sewage discharge than pollution from the surrounding catchment, but agricultural pollution also needs to be kept in check.


These new findings come at a time of intense public concern over the state of the UK's waterways. A recent investigation for the Observer found that more than 90% of freshwater habitats on England¡¯s most precious rivers have been degraded by farming pollution, raw sewage and water abstraction.


James Wallace, CEO of the UK-based charity River Action, commented on the findings : ¡°This important research demonstrates yet again the damage from unregulated water companies and agriculture. In addition to the catastrophic impact on wildlife from nutrient pollution, the public should be aware that sewage systems do not remove dangerous bacteria such as E.coli and intestinal enterococci from treated sewage.¡± 


¡°For instance, recent citizen science on the River Thames found that Thames Water¡¯s outflows often have four to five times the safe levels of bacteria, that has likely caused serious illness in swimmers and rowers. When will the government make water companies and farms clean up their act, especially in places where human lives and sensitive protected habitats are threatened?¡±


An early-detection system for spotting dangerous outbreaks


The researchers also developed a new method to allow early detection of potentially dangerous outbreaks of ¡®sewage fungus.¡¯ This is a complex mix of fungus, algae, and bacteria which forms large masses when there are high organic nutrient levels. They not only cause unpleasant smells, but severely reduce oxygen levels in water which can adversely affect all river species, and cause mass fish mortality.


Currently, sewage fungus is only assessed visually, so it is only found once it has become large enough to already be having negative effects. The researchers developed a new method to allow early detection, an essential step to enable swift intervention to avoid extensive outbreaks. Their method uses imaging techniques and machine learning to rapidly identify sewage particles and sewage fungus in water samples.


The technique could be used as a ¡®canary in the coal mine¡¯ by both water companies and monitoring organisations such as the Environment Agency, and could prove to be a valuable tool in limiting pollution build-up and halting species decline.


Dr Michelle Jackson said : ¡°Rapid identification of sewage fungus pollution events will allow early intervention which would help prevent any potential negative consequences for local wildlife.¡±


The paper ¡®The combined effects of treated sewage discharge and land use on rivers¡¯ has been published in Global Change Biology.


The paper ¡®Early detection and environmental drivers of sewage fungus outbreaks in rivers¡¯ has been published in Ecological Solutions and Evidence.


[Ãâó = ¿Á½ºÆ÷µå´ëÇб³(University of Oxford)(https://www.ox.ac.uk/news/2023-09-22-new-study-finds-sewage-release-worse-rivers-agriculture) / 2023³â 9¿ù 22ÀÏ]


[³í¹®Ãâó = ¡º±Û·Î¹ú »ý¹°ÇÐ º¯È­(Global Change Biology)¡»(https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gcb.16934) / 2023³â 9¿ù 21ÀÏÀÚ]


[³í¹®Ãâó = ¡º»ýÅÂÇÐ ¼Ö·ç¼Ç ¹× Áõ°Å(Ecological Solutions and Evidence)¡»(https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2688-8319.12277) / 2023³â 9¿ù 20ÀÏÀÚ]

¨Ï±Û·Î¹ú¹°»ê¾÷Á¤º¸¼¾ÅÍ(www.waterindustry.co.kr) ¹«´ÜÀüÀç ¹× Àç¹èÆ÷±ÝÁö
ÀÌÀü±Û [½ºÆäÀÎ] ¼öÁß ³ª³ëÇöó½ºÆ½ ºÐÇØ À¯¸ÁÇÑ ¹æ¹ý °³¹ß
´ÙÀ½±Û [½Å±â¼ú] °Ç¼³¿¬, µµ½Ã ħ¼ö¡¤ÇÏõ È«¼ö À§Çè ¿¹Ãø ¹æ¹ý °³¹ß
±Û·Î¹ú¹°»ê¾÷Á¤º¸¼¾ÅÍ.   ¼¾ÅÍÀå : ¹èö¹Î
ÁÖ¼Ò : ¼­¿ï½Ã ¼ÛÆı¸ »ïÀüµ¿ 72-3 À¯¸²ºôµù 5Ãþ TEL (02) 3431-0210   FAX (02) 3431-0260   E-mail waterindustry@hanmail.net
COPYRIGHT(C) 2012 ±Û·Î¹ú¹°»ê¾÷Á¤º¸¼¾ÅÍ. ALL RIGHT RESERVED.