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¿µ±¹ ½ºÄÚÆ²·£µå¿¡ ¼ÒÀçÇÑ Á¦ÀÓ½º ÇãÆ° ¿¬±¸¼Ò(James Hutton Institute, JHI)ÀÇ »õ·Î¿î ¿¬±¸¿¡ µû¸£¸é Çϼö½½·¯Áö¸¦ Àû¿ëÇÑ Áö 4³â ¸¸¿¡ Åä¾ç »ùÇÿ¡¼­ ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â ¹Ì¼¼ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½(Microplastic) ¼öÁØÀÌ ÃÖ´ë 1õ450% Áõ°¡ÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. [»çÁøÃâó(Photo source) = È­ÇÐ ºÐ¾ß NGO ´Üü CHEM Trust]


¿µ±¹ ½ºÄÚÆ²·£µå¿¡ ¼ÒÀçÇÑ Á¦ÀÓ½º ÇãÆ° ¿¬±¸¼Ò(James Hutton Institute, JHI)ÀÇ »õ·Î¿î ¿¬±¸¿¡ µû¸£¸é Çϼö½½·¯Áö(Sewage Sludge)¸¦ Àû¿ëÇÑ Áö 4³â ¸¸¿¡ Åä¾ç »ùÇÿ¡¼­ ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â ¹Ì¼¼ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½(Microplastic) ¼öÁØÀÌ ÃÖ´ë 1õ450% Áõ°¡ÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù.


½ºÄÚÆ²·£µå¿¡ ¼ÒÀçÇÑ ·Î¹öÆ® °íµç ´ëÇб³(Robert Gordon University, RGU)¿Í Çù·ÂÇÏ¿© ¼öÇàµÈ ÀÌ ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­´Â Àû¿ë ÈÄ 22³âÀÌ Áö³­ ÈÄ¿¡µµ Åä¾ç ³» ¹Ì¼¼ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½ÀÇ ¼ö°¡ ºñ±³Àû º¯ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù´Â »ç½Çµµ ¹ß°ßÇß´Ù.


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À̹ø ¿¬±¸¸¦ ÁÖµµÇÑ Á¦ÀÓ½º ÇãÆ° ¿¬±¸¼Ò(JHI)ÀÇ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¶ó¸¶ÁÖ(Stuart Ramage) ¹Ú»ç. [»çÁøÃâó(Photo source) = Á¦ÀÓ½º ÇãÆ° ¿¬±¸¼Ò(JHI)]

Àü ¼¼°è ³óÁö ºñ·á·Î ÈçÈ÷ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â Çϼö½½·¯Áö¿¡´Â Àû¿ë ÈÄ Åä¾çÀ¸·Î ¹èÃâµÇ´Â ´Ù·®ÀÇ ¹Ì¼¼ ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½ÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖ´Ù. ÇöÀç ¸¹Àº ±¹°¡¿¡¼­ Çϼö½½·¯Áö¸¦ °ü¸®Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ¹ý·üÀ» Á¦Á¤Çϰí ÀÖÁö¸¸, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ±ÔÁ¤Àº Á߱ݼӰú °°Àº µ¶¼º ¿ä¼Ò¿¡ ÃÊÁ¡À» ¸ÂÃß°í ÀÖ¾î, ¹Ì¼¼ ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½À» ´Ù·çÁö ¾Ê´Â ±¹°¡°¡  ¸¹´Ù.


¿¬±¸ÀÚµéÀº 1994³âºÎÅÍ 2019³â±îÁö ¿µ±¹ Àü¿ªÀÇ Çϼö½½·¯Áö ½ÇÇè¿¡ Æ÷ÇÔµÈ ³ë½º ·¡³ÊÅ©¼Å ÇÏÆ®¿ìµå(North Lanarkshire Hartwood)ÀÇ ÇÑ ¹ç Åä¾ç »ùÇÃÀ» Á¶»çÇÏ¿© °á·ÐÀ» µµÃâÇß´Ù.


Çϼö½½·¯Áö Àû¿ëÀÇ Àå±âÀûÀÎ ¿µÇâÀ» Á¶»çÇϱâ À§ÇØ °úÇÐÀÚµéÀº 4³â µ¿¾È ´Ù¾çÇÑ ½½·¯Áö¸¦ ÅäÁö¿¡ Àû¿ëÇϰí ÀÌ Áö¿ªÀ» ÃÊ¿øÀ¸·Î À¯ÁöÇß´Ù. Åä¾ç »ùÇÃÀº 25³â µ¿¾È 2³â¸¶´Ù äÃëÇÏ¿© ÇãÆ°(Hutton)¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ½ºÄÚÆ²·£µå ±¹¸³Åä¾ç¸ñ·Ï(National Soils Inventory for Scotland)¿¡ º¸°üÇß´Ù.


ÀÌ º¸°üµÈ »ùÇõéÀº ¿¬±¸ÀÚµéÀÌ ¿À·£ ±â°£ µ¿¾È Åä¾ç¿¡¼­ ¹Ì¼¼ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½ÀÇ ÇÔÀ¯·®À» ºÐ¼®ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â µ¶Æ¯ÇÑ ±âȸ¸¦ Á¦°øÇßÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ´Â ¸ÆÄø® °³¹ß ½ÅŹ(Macaulay Development Trust)ÀÇ ¿¬±¸ÀÚ±Ý Áö¿øÀ¸·Î °¡´ÉÇß´Ù.


¿¬±¸ÆÀÀº ¹Ì¼¼ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½ÀÇ ºü¸¥ Áõ°¡¿Í ¼ö¸í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹ß°ß ¿Ü¿¡µµ, ´Ù¾çÇÑ ÇüÅÂÀÇ ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½¿¡ µû¶ó ¿­È­°¡ ´Ù¸£´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¹ß°ßÇß´Ù.


ÀÇ·ù¿¡¼­ ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â °¡Àå ÈçÇÑ À¯ÇüÀÇ ¹Ì¼¼ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½ÀÎ ¹Ì¼¼¼¶À¯(Microfibre)¿Í Æ÷ÀåÀç¿¡¼­ ³ª¿À´Â ¹Ì¼¼Çʸ§(Microfilm)Àº ¸ðµÎ Åä¾ç¿¡¼­ ºÐÇØµÇ¾úÁö¸¸ ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½ ¿ë±â³ª º´ÀÇ Ç÷¹ÀÌÅ©(Flake, Å« °Í¿¡¼­ ¶³¾îÁ® ³ª¿Â ¾ãÀº Á¶°¢)¿Í °°Àº ´Ù¸¥ ¸ð¾çÀº ºÐÇØµÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ºÐÇØµÈ ¹Ì¼¼ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½Àº ´õ ÀÛÀº ¹Ì¼¼ ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½°ú ³ª³ëÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½(Nanoplastic)À» Çü¼ºÇÏ¿© ȯ°æ¿¡ Ãß°¡ÀûÀÎ À§ÇèÀ» ÃÊ·¡Çß´Ù.


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¼¶À¯ ³»ÀÇ ¹Ì¼¼ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½(Microplastics in fibre) ¸ð½À. [±×¸²Ãâó(picture source) = Á¦ÀÓ½º ÇãÆ° ¿¬±¸¼Ò(JHI)]


¿¬±¸ÀÚµéÀº »ê¾÷ ÇöÀå¿¡¼­¸¸ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ÈçÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº Àç·á¿Í °°Àº ¹Ì¼¼ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½ÀÇ Á¾·ù¸¦ Á¶»çÇÏ¿© Åä¾ç »ùÇÿ¡ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ½½·¯ÁöÀÇ ÀáÀçÀûÀÎ Ãâó¸¦ È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.


¶ÇÇÑ Çϼö ½½·¯Áö¿¡¼­ ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â ¼¶À¯ ¼¶À¯°¡ ½Ã°£ÀÌ Áö³²¿¡ µû¶ó »öÀ» ÀҴ´ٴ »ç½Çµµ ¹ß°ßÇßÁö¸¸ ±× ¿øÀÎÀº ¾ÆÁ÷ ¹àÇôÁöÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ¿°·á°¡ ºÐÇØµÇ¾î ¼¶À¯°¡ Åð»öÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖÁö¸¸ ¿°·á°¡ ȯ°æÀ¸·Î ħÃâµÇ¾î Åä¾ç¿¡ ´õ ¸¹Àº µ¶¼º È¿°ú¸¦ ÀÏÀ¸Å³ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù.


ÇãÆ°¿¬±¸¼ÒÀÇ ºÐ¼® È­ÇÐÀÚÀÌÀÚ ÀÌ ¿¬±¸ÀÇ ¼ö¼® ÀúÀÚÀÎ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¶ó¸¶Áö(Stuart Ramage) ¹Ú»ç´Â ¡°³ó¾÷ Åä¾ç¿¡¼­ ¹Ì¼¼ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½ÀÌ Àå±â°£¿¡ °ÉÃÄ ´ë·®À¸·Î ÀÜ·ùÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº Åä¾ç °Ç°­À» ÇØÄ¥ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù¡±¶ó¸é¼­ ¡°½Ã°£ÀÌ Áö³²¿¡ µû¶ó ¹Ì¼¼ ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½ÀÌ ¾î¶»°Ô ÇൿÇÏ´ÂÁö ÀÌÇØÇÔÀ¸·Î½á Åä¾ç ȯ°æ¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¹Ì¼¼ ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½ ¿À¿°ÀÇ ¿µÇâÀ» ´õ ÀÚ¼¼È÷ Á¶»çÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù¡±¸»Çß´Ù.


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Èë ¼Ó¿¡ ÇÔÀ¯µÈ ¹Ì¼¼ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½(Microplastics in soil) ¸ð½À. [»çÁøÃâó(Photo source) = Á¦ÀÓ½º ÇãÆ° ¿¬±¸¼Ò(JHI)]


½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¶ó¸¶Áö ¹Ú»ç´Â ƯÈ÷ ¡°Åä¾çÀÇ ¹Ì¼¼ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½Àº ¹Ì¼¼ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½¿¡ ¿À¿°µÈ ³óÀÛ¹°À» ¼·ÃëÇÔÀ¸·Î½á Àΰ£¿¡°Ô ³ëÃâµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °æ·Î¸¦ Á¦½ÃÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù¡±°í °­Á¶Çß´Ù.


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·Î¹öÆ® °íµç ´ëÇб³(RGU)ÀÇ ¾àÇÐ, ÀÀ¿ë°úÇÐ ¹× °øÁߺ¸°Ç´ëÇÐÀÇ Å°¾Æ¸® ¿¹ÀÌÃ÷(Kyari Yates) ±³¼ö´Â ¡°Åä¾ç°ú ÁöÇϼö ¸ðµÎ¿¡ ´Ù¸¥ ¿À¿°¿øÀÇ ¿øÃµÀ¸·Î ÀÛ¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¹Ì¼¼ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½ÀÇ Ç³ºÎÇÔ°ú Áö¼Ó¼ºÀº ³ó¾÷ȯ°æ¿¡¼­ Çϼö½½·¯Áö¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¶§ ¿¹¹æÀû Á¢±Ù ¹æ½ÄÀ» äÅÃÇÏ·Á´Â °úÇаèÀÇ ³ë·ÂÀ» µÞ¹ÞħÇϸç, ÀáÀçÀûÀÎ À§ÇèÀÌ ¹Ýµå½Ã ¾ø´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù¡±¶ó°í °­Á¶Çß´Ù.


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Çö¹Ì°æÀ¸·Î ÃÔ¿µÇÑ ¹Ì¼¼ÇÃ¶ó½ºÆ½À¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ ¼¶À¯ ¿°·á ¼Õ½Ç(Microplastics, Fibre dye loss) ¸ð½À. [±×¸²Ãâó(picture source) = Á¦ÀÓ½º ÇãÆ° ¿¬±¸¼Ò(JHI)]


[¿ø¹®º¸±â]


New study finds 1,450% increase in microplastic levels within soil after four years of sewage sludge application


A new study by The James Hutton Institute has revealed an increase of up to 1,450% in the level of microplastics found within soil samples after just four years of sewage sludge application.


The study, which was carried out in collaboration with Robert Gordon University (RGU), also found that the number of microplastics in the soil remained relatively unchanged 22 years after application.


Microplastics are pieces of plastic measuring less than 5mm in size. They can be manufactured intentionally (such as in cosmetics) or broken off from larger pieces of plastic. 


Sewage sludges, which are commonly used to fertilise farmland around the world, contain large amounts of microplastics that are released into the soil after application. Many countries currently have legislation to manage sewage sludge; however, these regulations focus on toxic elements such as heavy metals and do not cover microplastics.


Researchers drew their conclusions by looking at soil samples from a field in Hartwood, North Lanarkshire, which was included in a UK-wide sewage sludge experiment between 1994 and 2019. 


Investigating the long-term impacts of sewage sludge application, scientists applied a variety of sludges to plots of land for four years and maintained the area as grassland. Soil samples were taken every two years over a 25-year period and archived in the National Soils Inventory for Scotland at the Hutton.


These archived samples provided researchers with a unique opportunity to analyse the fate of microplastics in soils over an extended period, which they were able to do with funding from the Macaulay Development Trust. 


In addition to their discoveries around the quick increase in and longevity of microplastics, scientists found that degradation varied between different forms of plastic.


Microfibres from clothing (the most common type of microplastic found) and microfilms from packaging both broke down in the soil, while other shapes - such as flakes from plastic containers and bottles - did not. Microplastics that did degrade formed smaller microplastics and nanoplastics, posing an additional hazard to the environment.


Researchers were able to determine the potential sources of the sludges used on the soil samples by examining the types of microplastics present, such as uncommon materials only used in industrial locations.


They also noticed that textile fibres found within the sewage sludge lost their colour over time, however the cause of this is still unknown. It may be that the dyes are degrading, causing the fibres to fade, however it is also possible that dyes are leaching into the environment, which could cause further toxic effects in the soil.


Dr Stuart Ramage, an analytical chemist at the Hutton and lead author of the study, said: ¡°The persistence of microplastics in large numbers in agricultural soils over long periods of time has the potential to damage soil health. By understanding how different microplastics behave over time, we can further examine the impact of microplastic pollution in our soil environment.


¡°Microplastics in soils may present a pathway for exposure to humans through consumption of microplastic-contaminated crops.¡±


Dr Eulyn Pagaling, a senior environmental microbiologist, and the principal investigator on the study said: ¡°Our results highlight the long-term consequences of sewage sludge application and the importance of managing these sludges to mitigate against a major source of microplastics to soils.


¡°We are now working to see what these microplastics and other pollutants are doing to soil and how this affects ecosystem services we rely on, such as growing crops.¡±


Professor Kyari Yates, from RGU¡¯s School of Pharmacy, Applied Sciences and Public Health, said: ¡°The abundance and persistence of microplastics which could potentially act as sources of other pollutants to both soil and possibly ground water supports the push within the scientific community to adopt a precautionary approach in the use of sewage sludges in agricultural settings and perhaps out of site is not necessarily without potential risks.¡±


[Ãâó=Á¦ÀÓ½º ÇãÆ° ¿¬±¸¼Ò(JHI)(https://www.hutton.ac.uk/new-study-finds-1450-increase-in-microplastic-levels-within-soil-after-four-years-of-sewage-sludge-application/) / 2025³â 3¿ù 13ÀÏ]

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