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[2025] [¹Ì±¹] ´º¿å´ë ¹öÆÈ·ÎÄ·ÆÛ½º, ¡°PFAS ÇÊÅÍ Àç»ç¿ë °¡´ÉÇÑ Çø®Á 󸮹ý °³¹ßÁß¡±
À̸§ °ü¸®ÀÚ waterindustry@hanmail.net ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ 2025.06.04 Á¶È¸¼ö 692
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[ÇØ¿Ü¿¬±¸º¸°í¼­] ´º¿å´ë ¹öÆÈ·ÎÄ·ÆÛ½º, ¡°PFAS ÇÊÅÍ Àç»ç¿ë °¡´ÉÇÑ Çø®Á 󸮹ý °³¹ßÁß¡±

PFAS·Î ¿À¿°µÈ ÀÔ»ó Ȱ¼ºÅº ÇÊÅͼ­ ¿À¿°¹°Áú Á¦°Å¡¦Àç»ç¿ë °¡´É

ÇÊÅÍ¿¡ Æ÷ÁýµÈ PFAS ºÐÀÚ Áõ±â·Î º¯È¯¡¦Æ¯¼ö ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·ÎÆÄ ÇöóÁ ÀÌ¿ëÇØ ºÐÇØ

¹Ì ±¹¹æºÎ Àü·« ȯ°æ ¿¬±¸ ¹× °³¹ß ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ 25¸¸ ´Þ·¯ Áö¿ø ¹Þ¾Æ ¿¬±¸ ¼öÇà



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ÀÔ»ó Ȱ¼ºÅº(GAC) ÇÊÅÍ´Â '¿µ¿øÇÑ È­Çй°Áú'°ú °°Àº ¼öÁú¿À¿°¹°ÁúÀ» Æ÷ÁýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ´º¿åÁÖ¸³´ëÇб³ ¹öÆÈ·ÎÄ·ÆÛ½º(University at Bufflo)ÀÇ ¿¬±¸ÁøÀº GAC ÇÊÅÍ¿¡¼­ '¿µ¿øÈ÷ È­ÇÐ ¹°Áú'À» Á¦°ÅÇØ Àç»ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÇöóÁ 󸮹ýÀ» °³¹ßÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. [»çÁøÁ¦°ø(Photo Source) = University at Bufflo]


ÀÔ»ó Ȱ¼ºÅº(GAC)Àº Á¤¼ö󸮽ü³À̳ª °¡Á¤¿ë ³»Àå°íÀÇ ¹° ÇÊÅÍ¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ¸ç, °­·ÂÇÑ ÈíÂø·ÂÀ» °¡Áø À¯±â¹°Áú·Î¼­, ¼öÁú¿À¿°¹°ÁúÀ» ½±°Ô Æ÷ÂøÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ƯÈ÷, ¡®¿µ¿øÇÑ È­Çй°Áú¡¯·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁø °úºÒÈ­È­ÇÕ¹°(PFAS)±îÁö Æ÷ÁýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.


´º¿åÁÖ¸³´ëÇб³ ¹öÆÈ·ÎÄ·ÆÛ½º(University at Bufflo) È­Çаú ºÎ±³¼öÀÌÀÚ RENEW ¿¬±¸¼Ò ¼Ò¼Ó ±³¼öÀÎ ½ºÆ¼ºì ·¹ÀÌ(Steven Ray) ¹Ú»ç´Â ¡°¹®Á¦´Â PFAS·Î µÚµ¤ÀÎ GAC¸¦ ¾î¶»°Ô ó¸®ÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â °¡"¶ó¸ç "´Ü¼øÈ÷ ¸Å¸³Áö¿¡ ¹ö¸°´Ù¸é PFAS°¡ ´Ù½Ã ħÃâµÅ ¹°À» ¿À¿°½Ãų °Í¡±À̶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù.


·¹ÀÌ ±³¼ö´Â ¹Ì±¹ ±¹¹æºÎÀÇ Àü·« ȯ°æ ¿¬±¸ ¹× °³¹ß ÇÁ·Î±×·¥(SERPD)À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ 25¸¸ ´Þ·¯ÀÇ ¿¬±¸ Áö¿ø±ÝÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ GAC¿¡¼­ PFAS¸¦ ¿­ÀûÀ¸·Î Á¦°ÅÇÏ´Â ¿¬±¸¸¦ ÁøÇàÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù.


ÀÌ ¿¬±¸¿¡´Â PFAS¸¦ ÆÄ°úÇϰí À̸¦ ¹«ÇØÇÑ ºÒ¼Ò¿°À¸·Î º¯È¯Çϴ ȹ±âÀûÀÎ »ó¿ë ÇöóÁ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÌ »ç¿ëµÉ ¿¹Á¤ÀÌ´Ù.


À̸¦ ÅëÇØ GAC¸¦ Àç»ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µÅ ±¹¹æºÎ»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Àü±¹ÀÇ ¿©·¯ ÁöÀÚü¿¡µµ Å« ÇýÅÃÀ» ÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ƯÈ÷, ´ë±Ô¸ð GAC ÇÊÅÍ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ¼³Ä¡Ç߰ųª ¼³Ä¡ÇÒ °èȹ ÁßÀÎ Áö¿ª»çȸ¿¡¼­ ´õ¿í À¯¿ëÇÒ °Í ÀÌ´Ù.


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´º¿åÁÖ¸³´ëÇб³ ¹öÆÈ·ÎÄ·ÆÛ½ºÀÇ ½ºÆ¼ºì ·¹ÀÌ(Steven Ray) ±³¼ö(°¡¿îµ¥), ¾Ë·º»ê´õ ȸÇÁÄ¿(Alexander Hoepker) ¼±ÀÓ ¿¬±¸¿ø(¿À¸¥ÂÊ), Á¶½´¾Æ Àª¸®½º(Joshua Wallac) ¼±ÀÓ ¿¬±¸¿ø(¿ÞÂÊ)Àº ÇÊÅÍ¿¡¼­ PFAS¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇϰí À̸¦ ÆÄ±«Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ÇöóÁ ó¸® ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» °³¹ßÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. [»çÁøÁ¦°ø(Photo Source) = Douglas Levere/University at Buffalo]


¾Ë·º»ê´õ ȸÇÁÄ¿(Alexander Hoepker) RENEW ¿¬±¸¼ÒÀÇ ¼±ÀÓ ¿¬±¸¿øÀº "´ë±Ô¸ðÀÇ °ªºñ½Ñ GAC ÇÊÅ͸¦ ÀçȰ¿ëÇÏ·Á´Â ¿ä±¸°¡ Å©¸ç, ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ±× ÇØ°áÃ¥ÀÌ µÇ±æ ¹Ù¶õ´Ù¡±°í ¹àÇû´Ù. ȸÇÁÄ¿ ¼±ÀÓ ¿¬±¸¿øÀº °°Àº ¿¬±¸¼ÒÀÇ Á¶½´¾Æ Àª¸®½º(Joshua Wallac) ¼±ÀÓ ¿¬±¸¿ø°ú ÇÔ²² À̹ø ¿¬±¸ Áö¿ø±ÝÀÇ °øµ¿ ¿¬±¸ÀÚ·Î Âü¿©Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù.


¿¬±¸ÆÀÀÌ °³¹ß ÁßÀÎ °øÁ¤Àº Æ÷ÁýµÈ PFAS ºÐÀÚ¸¦ Áõ±â·Î º¯È¯ÇØ ÇÊÅÍ¿¡¼­ Á¦°ÅÇÑ ÈÄ, Ư¼ö ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·ÎÆÄ ÇöóÁ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇØ À̸¦ ºÐÇØÇÏ´Â ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ïÁø´Ù.


¸¶ÀÌÅ©·ÎÆÄ ÇöóÁ´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ÀüÀÚ·¹ÀÎÁö¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ¸ç, °ø±ÞµÇ´Â °í¿¡³ÊÁö ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·ÎÆÄ¸¦ »ç¿ëÇØ ÁÖº¯ °ø±â Áß¿¡¼­ Çü¼ºµÈ´Ù. ÀÌ ÇöóÁ´Â ¼·¾¾ 5õ~7õµµÀÇ ¿Âµµ¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, À̴ žç Ç¥¸é ¿Âµµ¿Í ºñ½ÁÇÑ ¼öÁØÀ̸ç, 99.9%ÀÇ ÆÄ±« È¿À²À» º¸ÀδÙ.


·¹ÀÌ ±³¼ö´Â "ÇöóÁÀÇ ¿Âµµ¿Í ¿¡³ÊÁö°¡ ¸Å¿ì ³ôÀ¸¹Ç·Î ±ú¶ß¸®±â ¾î·Æ±â·Î ¾Ç¸í ³ôÀº PFASÀÇ Åº¼Ò-ºÒ¼Ò °áÇÕÁ¶Â÷ ÆÄ±«µÈ´Ù¡±¸ç ¡°PFAS°¡ ¿øÀÚ ¼öÁØÀ¸·Î ºÐÇØµÈ´Ù¡±°í ¼³¸íÇß´Ù.


¹Ì ±¹¹æºÎ´Â PFASÀÇ ¼Ò°¢À» ±ÝÁöÇßÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ´Â ºÎºÐÀûÀ¸·Î ¼Ò°¢ÀÌ Ãµ¿¬°¡½º¸¦ ÇÊ¿ä·Î Çϰí À¯ÇØÇÑ ºÎ»ê¹°À» »ý¼ºÇϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.


·¹ÀÌ ±³¼ö´Â "õ¿¬°¡½º´Â ÀÌ¹Ì Åº¼Ò °ø±Þ¿øÀ̸ç, ź¼Ò´Â ¹æÃâµÈ ºÒ¼Ò°¡ ź¼Ò¿Í ÇÔ²² ÀçÇü¼ºµÇ´Â °ÍÀ» ¿øÄ¡ ¾Ê´Â ¹°Áú¡±À̶ó¸ç "È­¿°¿¡¼­ »ý¼ºµÇ´Â ºÎ»ê¹°Àº ¸Å¿ì º¹ÀâÇÑ ¹Ý¸é, ÇöóÁ¿¡¼­ »ý¼ºµÇ´Â ºÎ»ê¹°Àº ¸Å¿ì ´Ü¼øÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù¡±°í ¸»Çß´Ù.


ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ´Ü¼øÇÑ ºÎ»ê¹° Áß ÀϺδ ±¤¹°ÀÌ´Ù. ÇöóÁ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀº PFAS¸¦ ÆÄ±«ÇÑ ÈÄ ±¤¹°È­¸¦ ÅëÇØ ºÒ¼Ò¸¦ Æ÷ÁýÇØ Àç»ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù.


ȸÇÁÄ¿ ¼±ÀÓ ¿¬±¸¿øÀº ¡±¹æÃâµÈ ºÒ¼Ò´Â Ä®½·°ú °áÇÕÇØ ¾Ï¼®¿¡¼­ ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â ¹æÇؼ®(Ä®»çÀÌÆ®)À» Çü¼ºÇÒ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù¡±¸ç ¡°Áï, ¿ì¸®´Â PFAS¸¦ ÀçȰ¿ë °¡´ÉÇÑ Ãµ¿¬ ±¤¹°·Î º¯È¯Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù¡±°í ¸»Çß´Ù.


¿¬±¸ÁøÀº °á±¹ PFAS·Î ¿À¿°µÈ Åä¾çÀ» Á÷Á¢ ó¸®ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇöóÁ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ¹ßÀü½ÃŰ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸ñÇ¥·Î Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù.


ȸÇÁÄ¿ ¼±ÀÓ ¿¬±¸¿øÀº ¡±¸¹Àº ¿¬±¸°¡ ¹° ¼Ó PFAS ºÐÇØ¿¡ ÁýÁߵŠÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÏ°í ¹æ´ëÇÑ ÀÛ¾÷ÀÌÁö¸¸, °íü¿¡¼­ PFAS¸¦ ºÐÇØÇÏ·Á´Â ¿¬±¸ÆÀÀº ±Ø¼Ò¼ö¿¡ ºÒ°úÇÏ´Ù. ¿ì¸® ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®´Â ±âÁ¸ PFAS ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ¹þ¾î³ª »õ·Î¿î Á¢±Ù ¹æ½Ä¡±À̶ó¸ç ¡°°íü¿¡¼­ PFAS¸¦ ºÐÇØÇÏ´Â ±â¼ú¿¡´Â »ó´çÇÑ °ÝÂ÷°¡ ÀÖ¾ú°í, ¿ì¸®´Â À̸¦ ÇØ°áÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÁÖ·ÂÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù¡±°í ¸»Çß´Ù.


[¿ø¹®º¸±â]


What to do with dirty PFAS filters? UB researchers think plasma treatment can make them reusable


DoD grant will support project, which aims to remove ¡®forever chemicals¡¯ from granular activated carbon and destroy them


It¡¯s known as granular activated carbon, or GAC. Whether deployed in a water treatment plant or the pitcher in your fridge, this highly adsorbent organic material can easily capture water pollutants.


It can even capture per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), better known as ¡°forever chemicals.¡±


¡°The question becomes what to do with that GAC now that it's covered in forever chemicals,¡± says Steven Ray, PhD, associate professor of chemistry at the University at Buffalo and an affiliated faculty member of the UB RENEW Institute. ¡°Because if you simply throw it in a landfill, the PFAS are just going to leach and contaminate water again.¡±


Ray has received a $250,000 Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERPD) grant from the U.S. Department of Defense to thermally remove PFAS from GAC.


This will involve a novel, commercially available plasma system that will destroy PFAS and transform them into harmless fluorine salts.


This would allow GAC to be reused, benefiting not only the DoD but also the many municipalities throughout the country that have installed or are planning to install large-scale GAC filtration systems.


¡°There¡¯s obviously a desire to recycle these massive and costly filters, and this method can hopefully do that,¡± says RENEW senior research scientist Alexander Hoepker, PhD, who is a co-investigator on the grant along with fellow RENEW senior research scientist Joshua Wallace, PhD.


The process they¡¯re developing involves converting captured PFAS molecules into vapor in order to free them from the GAC, and then destroying the vapor with a specialized microwave plasma. 


Microwave plasma is formed in the ambient air using high-energy microwaves supplied by components typically used in microwave ovens. The plasmas can reach temperatures between 5,000 and 7,000 degrees Celsius, about the temperature of the surface of the sun, and have destructive efficacies of 99.9%.


¡°The temperatures and the energetics of plasmas are so high that even the carbon-fluorine bonds of PFAS, which are notoriously difficult to break, are destroyed,¡± said Ray, the grant¡¯s principal investigator. ¡°They're atomized.¡± 


The DoD has banned the incineration of PFAS, in part because it relies on natural gas and creates harmful byproducts.


¡°Natural gas is already a source of carbon, and carbon is exactly what you don't want the released fluorine to reform with,¡± Ray adds. ¡°The byproducts from a flame are very complex, whereas the byproducts from a plasma can be very, very simple.¡± 


Some of those simple byproducts are minerals. The plasma system will destroy the PFAS and then capture the fluorine by mineralization, allowing it to be reused.  


¡°The released fluorine could potentially combine with calcium, creating the calcite you find in rocks,¡± Hoepker says. ¡°We¡¯re essentially converting PFAS into natural minerals that can be repurposed.¡±


The team hopes their plasma system could eventually work directly on soils contaminated with PFAS. 


¡°Lots of research has focused on degradation of PFAS in water, an important and massive undertaking, but just a small number of groups are trying to degrade PFAS in solids. Our project is really a complete departure from typical PFAS research,¡± Hoepker says. ¡°There¡¯s been a big technological gap in degrading PFAS in solids, and so we aim to fill it.¡±


[Ãâó = ´º¿åÁÖ¸³´ëÇб³ ¹öÆÈ·ÎÄ·ÆÛ½º(University at Buffalo)(https://www.buffalo.edu/news/releases/2025/06/plasma-treatment-may-make-pfas-filters-reusable.html) / 2025³â 6¿ù 2ÀÏ]

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